Gear Pumps
Gears pumps are commonly found in many gear boxes to pump fluid to power the gears. There are two main variations in the form of gear pumps; external gear pumps which use two external spur gears and internal gear pumps which use an external and an internal spur gear. Gear pumps are attached displacement, meaning they pump an invariable amount of fluid for each revolution.
Selected gear pumps are manufactured to operate as either a motor or pump. The main focus of the gear pump is to generate fluid for the gears in order to power the motor of a vehicle. This allows the gears to separate on the intake side of the pump, creating a void and suction which is filled by fluid. The fluid is transported by the gears to the discharge side of the pump, where the meshing of the gears causing a disarticulation of the fluid. The mechanical clearances are small on the order of a micrometer.
The tight clearances, along with the speed of rotation, efficiently inhibit the fluid from leaking from behind. External gear pumps are a popular pumping mechanism and are typically located in lubrication pumps in machine tools, in fluid power transfer units, and as oil pumps in engines due to the design of external gear pumps allows them to be made to close tolerances. Tighter internal clearances provide for a more reliable measure of liquid passing through a pump and for greater flow management. Because of this, external gear pumps are widespread for precise transfer applications involving polymers, fuels, and expensive liquids.
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